How Effective Is Homeschooling Essay Example for Free

How Effective Is Homeschooling Essay Training is a fundamental necessity for teaching city, good and scholarly resources of a person. While giving instruction in an open arrangement is the commonest of all strategies received around the world, learning at home under the direction of guardians and additionally proficient educators is likewise a broad practice. Prominently alluded to as self-teaching, this arrangement of learning has gone to the front supplanting formal instructive procedures. The historical backdrop of self-teaching goes back to the 1920s, however the genuine unrest happened during the 1960s and the 1970s when the liberal elective school development was set rolling. Exploring into the point, it is obvious that most guardians settling on self-teaching fall under radical communists and naturalists who don't have confidence in the bureaucratic arrangement of the American culture. In addition, the panting idea of furious rivalry has additionally added to the withdrawal from conventional instructive methods. There are legitimate liabilities and the issue of obligatory tutoring participation undoubtedly. But the natural angles and the form of instructing are seemingly in vicinity with what can be named as perfect in a government funded training framework, numerous guardians in the United States of America esteem it an additional bit of leeway for their children that they should access a far reaching instructive collection at home. In issues of self-teaching, the legitimate issues associated with alliance and confirmation are dealt with correspondence schools or umbrella schools. What set self-teaching unmistakably separated from the customary methods of training are offices of unit examines, kid situated instructive materials or more all, steady parental oversight. This paper will talk about intricately on the adequacy of self-teaching and its significance in the hustling methods of present day world. All the significant school of considerations spread by researchers and scientists will be altogether checked on, in this way taking into consideration the improvement of a lot of perspectives on self-teaching. The predominance of self-teaching in the United States of America has been such in the previous decade or with the goal that it has been made lawful in numerous states. Truth be told today it is broadly respected to be an ideal elective method of instructing at the K-12 level (Cooper 109). The media also has concentrated on the issue thoroughly and has achieved a momentous change in the mentality of even the most universal of guardians and instructors. Passing by sheer measurements, 300, 000 youngsters were educated at home in 1990. This number expanded nearly with a vertical jump before the finish of 1998 when there were mutiple. 5 a huge number of self-taught kids the nation over (Saba Gattis 1). Since the US government’s instructive strategy takes into consideration self-rule of sorts for each express, the way toward soaking up any new measure is generally simpler. The assigned committee or leading body of a specific state can choose for themselves which strategy suits youthful students the most. In like manner, each state is assigned with certain number of awards or authorizations by excellence of which they can allow self-teaching. The outcomes simply represent themselves as a larger part of self-taught youngsters exceed expectations amazingly well in an expansive range of scholastic orders, going from winning the national spelling honey bees to acquiring themselves desired degrees at the main colleges in the nation. Presently before diving profound into different contentious principles on self-teaching, let’s simply investigate the rudiments of this quickly advancing pattern. The main inquiry we are going to manage includes the purpose for self-teaching. What are the extraordinary parts of self-teaching? For what reason do individuals will in general incline toward this method of training over open tutoring? Because of the autonomous, state-explicit instructive framework in America, government funded schools are available to all complimentary. For working guardians not having a place with the world class fragments of the general public, the justification behind picking state funded schools is very plain as day. In any case, the developing pattern of self-teaching requires our consideration and makes us curious to explore into the foundation of instructive methods of reasoning. As a matter of first importance, encouraging a youngster at home requests a diligent degree of duty for the two guardians. It not just enables the kid to learn in a known domain, yet in addition reinforces the family harmony. Since a youngster invests a large portion of its energy at home, the all around developed families don't wish to appoint the errand of conferring training to outside educators (Stevens 30). It is absolutely an issue of family esteems that a kid ought to gain from its folks and not from the individuals who don't share their own spaces. Also, numerous guardians are guided by harsh strict convictions and need their kids to follow similar ways. In government funded schools, youngsters may defy educators, teachers or individual understudies with various strict beliefs. So the guardians feel more secure with self-teaching. Another amazingly substantial purpose for self-teaching includes the learning condition of state funded schools. The nature of training in an open establishment will undoubtedly endure because of enormous number of understudies and insufficiency of instructing apparatuses. But the understudy educator proportion is very sound in American state funded schools particularly at the essential level, it despite everything isn't sufficient for each youngster to get the necessary consideration. Besides, kids learning at government funded schools are shown a comparable educational program. On the off chance that a specific youngster has various fields of intrigue, it isn't urged to create abilities and information on those lines. The innovative resources of brain gradually become obtuse and inadequate because of the standardized techniques for educating. Self-teaching, then again, is useful for recognizing a child’s interests and extraordinary territories of ability. Thus, instruction doesn't turn into a detestable weight for the youngsters. By identifying with what they are educated, they can appreciate while they learn (Rockett 138). Most families having a place with minority bunches respect self-teaching to be the best accessible choice for their children. This is on the grounds that those youngsters are not really focused on by their neighborhood educators at government funded schools (Saba Gattis 3). It is never insightful to send kids with physical or mental distortions to state funded schools. The range and degree of consideration they need can never be normal from instructors who need to take care of a class of students. It is much better to keep those kids at home and develop the necessary framework with educating helps. Employing an instructor at home is a conceivable arrangement in such cases. By taking steps to one-on-one showing modes, a tested kid’s potential can be expanded. Updates on slaughters, illicit medication dealing and youngster sexuality hit the features much of the time in the US. Explores show that guardians who know about these occasions pick self-teaching to guarantee security of their children. These guardians feel they can control the organization of their youngsters on the off chance that they gain from home. Additionally, in the US government funded schools, numerous kids hail from grieved families and will in general act savagely and in a harassing way towards different understudies. Forms of self-teaching distinctly diminish of such migraines. The legitimate parts of self-teaching are as yet dependent upon a ton of discussion and debate. Given the parochial arrangement of self-teaches, it is rudimentary to construe that they should be peeled off numerous advantages accessible at government funded schools, including the arrangement of tests. The current rights for self-teaching in the United States of America were hard earned. It was by the Supreme Court’s decision during the 1920s that empowered the states to intercede into instructive undertakings. Self-teaching, a periphery and inaccessible chance during those days, has without a doubt progressed significantly. Remembering the theory question of this paper, it is presently an ideal opportunity to consider over certain hypothetical guesses on learning by and large. The ways of thinking on learning and training are, notwithstanding, subject to a shifted level of speculation. Researchers are yet to show up at a steady discernment with respect to which philosophy of training betokens well for most youthful understudies. Piaget’s intellectual formative hypothesis is one of the fundamental works of writing tossing a looking through light into the intricate procedures of osmosis and redemption for youthful, malleable personalities. However, since this hypothesis was framed principally from heuristic investigations, its precision is flawed. All things considered, numerous later hypotheses on training and learning are grounded on the suppositions made by this hypothesis. As indicated by Jean Piaget, the three principle mainstays of learning are association, balance and movement. The premise of his contention focused on the consistency of children’s subjective development. To put it in an unexpected way, he called attention to that a kid creates more up to date thought designs with age and development. It is inalienable in a youngster that it should scan for more current components in all that it sees. Known as association, this procedure is answerable for collection of information. What legitimately identifies with this procedure is a psychological marvel called plans. This marvel is engaged with setting up a psychological image of activities. As such, when a child is approached to play out an extensive increase, he/she readies a psychological system with respect to how to approach the undertaking in a sorted out way. The following wonder comes when the youngster investigates a superior method to complete an undertaking. It is called adjustment. At the point when new data is passed on, the youngster needs to as a matter of first importance ‘take’ it in before it very well may be handled and absorbed (Clements 2). Piaget’s psychological formative hypothesis has significant executions with regards to picking the best educational plan for self-teaching. His wise examination of the job of guardians in children’s instruction helps in dynamic with respect to how youngsters learn. Do they copy what they see, or do parent

Irish Migration to Quebec :: essays research papers fc

From the time that individuals started living in gatherings, individuals have relocated to suit their own needs. For a few, it was to get away from troublesome occasions or hardships looked by their ethnic gathering. Such is the situation of the Irish who relocated to Quebec from 1815 to the Potato Famine of 1847. What causes and factors drove these individuals to cross a sea and leave their country for the obscure possibilities of Quebec? To inspect and completely answer this inquiry, one must gander at the social, financial and strict conditions in Ireland at that point, just as what attracted the Irish to Quebec as opposed to elsewhere. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To know why the Irish left Ireland, one must gander at what was happening in Ireland from around 1815, a period before the starvation started, to 1854 when the starvation reached a conclusion. Right off the bat, the Irish populace had been consistently expanding from 2.8 million of every 1712 until an expected 8.5 million out of 1841. This normally prompted more earnestly times as families had more kids to help. There additionally came a decrease in rural costs, driving the normal farmer’s pay to decay too. There was an enactment, also, that was passed in 1816 and 1819 that diminished the expense of expulsion, which drove a portion of the landowners to expel their occupants to utilize the land to touch. This left those inhabitants without a spot to live and an approach to help themselves. Also, the Union with Great Britain in 1801, and the facilitated commerce that followed, demolished huge numbers of the types of work in Irela nd at that point, including fabricating and the results of craftsmans. This drove huge numbers of the ranchers and workers to fall back on asking, taking and even starvation. This appeared to be sufficient of a motivating force for individuals to begin moving abroad, and it is just sound judgment that those with the most cash had the option to leave first in 1815, these individuals predominantly Protestant ranchers. In any case, there was a decrease in tolls in 1817 and that permitted a portion of the more unfortunate classes, most for the most part were the Protestant partners, to at last relocate. During that period, huge numbers of the Irish settlers originated from the town of Ulster. This has been seen as because of the breakdown of the material business there, which left the previous representatives jobless. It appears to be evident that in the decade preceding the Potato Famine, joblessness and a decrease in the degree of way of life were the significant main thrusts behind t he first <a href=http://www.

Customer Satisfaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Consumer loyalty - Essay Example In this way, being a senior supervisor of the organization, a noteworthy job is to deal with the protest of the client. Subsequent to breaking down the necessary case, the chief perceived that the client didn't give detail data to assembling the piece of the item and a worker of client care was to blame also. In this specific situation, the grumbling can be taken care of by the beneath talked about methods. From the outset, the client is required to be taken care of successfully by reacting to the questions of the clients and along these lines the senior supervisor needs to perceive a person inside the organization who will be responsible to give right data. The whole grumblings from different clients alongside the particular client just as the grievance patterns of association must be analyzed appropriately with due fixation. At long last, after assessment of the whole patterns of grievances in the organization, it must be resolved with respect to what procedure is to be followed so as to keep such events from occurring in future. If there should be an occurrence of the client objection with respect to the missing part, it tends to be distinguished that as the work was proceeded as a ‘rush job’, there was an absence of correspondence among the necessary branches of the association.

Coleridge A Poet After Conrads Own Heart of Darkness - Literature Essay Samples

Two orphaned boys grow up to be politically-concerned authors, one a poet and one a novelist, who use their maritime literature to speak out against the prevailing ills of European society, specifically the wrongful treatment of African people. These are only a few of the similarities between the lives and works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Joseph Conrad, both British citizens—though one through birth and one through immigration. Despite the fact, however, that Coleridge’s famous poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Conrad’s novella Heart of Darkness share vast similarities, surprisingly few scholars have approached any sort of comparison. Perhaps the explanation for this oddity is simple: no one wants to be the one to answer an obvious question; though this reasoning does not seem to hinder anyone from joining the ranks of those who have written about the anti-imperialistic sentiments of Conrad’s most famous book. Regardless of the cause for the lack of scholarship on the subject, a comparison of Coleridge’s Rime to Conrad’s Heart of Darkness will expose the kindred beliefs espoused in these two works, as well as the stylistic and thematic reflections. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, including the time in which Heart of Darkness was written—when the British Empire was â€Å"at its Victorian zenith† (Maier-Katkin 585), Europe had some very specific ideologies about the African continent and its inhabitants. As writer M. van Wyk Smith described Victorian impressions, â€Å"†¦sub-Saharan Africa†¦is the true Africa of Renaissance exotic myth and wild hordes, the lost civilization and the elusive paradise, and it is the Africa which became the great beckoning continent for the explorers of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. (12) This idea that the continent was â€Å"beckoning† the British makes several assertions: first, that the land was available—nay, ev en existed—for their taking; second, that the â€Å"lost† inhabitants of the continent were lesser beings, incapable and undeserving of maintaining their resources. Because the British believed the Africans had not evolved past their â€Å"primeval state,† they viewed them as inferior—closer associated to the natural world than to the realm of human beings, and they had no qualms about â€Å"mining† this old continent â€Å"for slaves to send to the new world† (Wyk Smith 13). Victorian sensibility dictated that Africa—in all its resources—could and should be exploited to develop newer civilizations. Therefore Africans were used to do the grunt work wherever Europeans or Americans needed—be that on sugar-cane plantations in the tropical Pacific or for ivory or rubber excavations in the Congo.Although they lived and wrote at different times—Coleridge was born in 1772 and published The Rime of the Ancient Mariner i n 1798, and Conrad was born in 1857 and published Heart of Darkness in 1902, over a century after Coleridge’s best known work—there is convincing evidence that Coleridge and Conrad were both responding to Europe’s guilt in exploiting the African continent and its people. And because both men were actively involved in human rights discourses and revolutionary thinking outside their writing, as well as within their other works, the possibility that Rime and Heart would contain elements espousing their beliefs is strengthened.Samuel Taylor Coleridge was on the revolutionary forefront in many human rights arenas. In 1794, he and two friends composed a play that was sympathetic to British radicals who were reeling after the great bloodshed of the guillotines in 1793, and he had rejoiced when the French Revolution took place in 1789 (Fry 4). According to Debbie Lee, in her convincing article â€Å"Yellow Fever and the Slave Trade: Coleridge’s The Rime of th e Ancient Mariner,† Coleridge â€Å"was thoroughly engaged in social and political issues of the day, from the latest theories of epidemic disease to the debates on abolition and slavery.† Lee also informs that Coleridge â€Å"was an active abolitionist in Bristol from 1795 until at least the year he wrote The Ancient Mariner (676). At one point during his career, he even gave a lecture on â€Å"Origins of the Human Race† in which he disagreed with a prevailingly popular British idea that Africans were closely related to and resembled apes (681). Interestingly, according to one biographer, Paul Fry, Coleridge’s highest aspiration was not to be a poet—he did not even consider this his main vocation; Coleridge wanted more than anything to â€Å"produce a major work of moral and religious philosophy† (4). As Lee and Fry, and â€Å"many readers† would agree, this highest â€Å"major work† was The Rime of the Ancient Mariner†”a poem in which many readers have found an allegory of imperial expansion and the slave trade† (4). This probability will be discussed further momentarily.Like Coleridge one hundred years before, Joseph Conrad was also very politically involved and had a soft spot in his heart for oppressed people. Having â€Å"entered into British society at a moment when its political landscape was being radically redrawn,† Conrad, like Coleridge, had the opportunity to champion multiple causes, including—intriguingly—women’s suffrage (Simmons 114). Conrad’s concerns for the oppressed, however, hit closer to home, as most of them had stemmed from personal experiences. While Coleridge had been born a subject of the British Empire, Conrad had been born in Russian-occupied Poland and considered himself only â€Å"the spoiled adopted child of Great Britain and even of the Empire† (Simmons 111). Born in a country that had been taken over by anothe r, to parents who were â€Å"ardent nationalists† and eventually died for their revolutionary beliefs, Conrad knew first-hand the evils of imperialism (105). His dislike of the practice was augmented during his time serving in The British Merchant Marine, when he witnessed the â€Å"full horror of colonial excesses† (121). This experience no doubt led him to the conclusion that â€Å"the conquest of the earth, which mostly means the taking it away from those who have a different complexion or slightly flatter noses than ourselves is not a pretty thing when you look into it too much,† a comment that comes from the mouth of the main character of his novella Heart of Darkness (Conrad 4). His most famous work was a testament to the fact that Conrad was specifically disturbed by the practices endorsed by Belgian King Leopold II in the Congo Free State, which he described as â€Å"the vilest scramble for loot that ever disfigured the history of human conscience an d geographical exploration† (121). Having established that both Coleridge and Conrad were actively involved in the human rights struggles of their respective days, especially where the treatment of Africans was concerned, the next step to comparing the similarities between The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Heart of Darkness is to explore the common messages in the two works. Fortunately, while few scholars have conducted research comparing both works, many studies exist which explore the issues pertaining to each of the works individually. By looking at what others have said about each individual work to supplement and support my own findings, I intend to expose the vast similarities between Conrad’s novella and Coleridge’s poem.First, one of the major similarities between Conrad and Coleridge’s works is that they both addressed one of the aforementioned primary colonial European beliefs about Africans: the belief that Africans were part of nature but not necessarily human beings. This concept is the most obvious in Heart of Darkness, as Conrad gives numerous direct examples throughout his story in which Africans are portrayed and described as an extension of nature. In one example, after an African is beaten for supposedly setting fire to a grass hut where European goods are stored, â€Å"he arose and went out—and the wilderness without a sound took him into its bosom again† (Conrad 20). There are other instances of Africans â€Å"clinging to the earth† (14), â€Å"moving about like ants† (12), â€Å"walking on†¦hind legs† like â€Å"a dog in a parody of breeches and a feather hat† (33), â€Å"appear[ing], as though they had come up from the ground† (54), and many other references blending Africans with their surroundings. Many scholars believe that Coleridge’s Rime of the Ancient Mariner is an allegory for the slave trade; and if this is true, then Coleridge too ad dresses the colonial perception that Africans are more closely associated with the natural world than with the human world. Pyeaem Abbasi and Alireza Anushiravani, in their article â€Å"The Ancient Mariner: Colonizer or Colonized?† state that â€Å"the mariner’s transatlantic voyage begins with the killing of the albatross—colonial act of killing natives—that exposes him to the colonial world and turns him into an unwilling victim of the slave trade† (1). Likewise, Debbie Lee agrees that Coleridge’s poem is about the slave trade, though she bases her argument in her research that the consequences of the â€Å"murder† of the albatross was the infliction of Yellow Fever upon the Mariner and the crew (677). Although Lee does not directly identify the albatross as a representation of an African slave, she does so indirectly by giving more than sufficiently convincing evidence to show the connections between the slave trade in Africa a nd the Caribbean and Yellow Fever. Her choice of the word â€Å"murder† to describe the killing of the albatross also seems to suggest a symbolism of the bird as a human being. Furthermore, Coleridge himself, in the argument that introduces the poem, blames the â€Å"many and strange Judgements† that befall the ship on the fact that the Mariner â€Å"cruelly†¦killed a Seabird† â€Å"in contempt of the laws of hospitality† (Fry 26). The concept of the African continent as â€Å"beckoning† the Europeans could shed some light on a possible interpretation for Coleridge’s inclusion about being â€Å"in contempt of the laws of hospitality.† If the Mariner was indeed on a slave trading ship, there is an assumption that the slaves were at one time taken from their home, that same African continent that welcomed the Europeans. In light of these ideas, the probability that Coleridge meant the killing of the albatross to symbolize the African slave trade seems likely, in which case Coleridge is addressing both the colonial perception of Africans as an extension of nature, as well as the idea that Africa welcomed Europeans.A second major similarity between Rime and Heart of Darkness is that both authors wrote their pieces of literature to combat and punish the colonial mindset that mistreating Africans was acceptable. At the time that Coleridge was writing, slavery was a staple in Europe’s economy and Africa and the Caribbean were the main places where this type of exploitation was occurring (Lee 675). In his argument at the beginning of â€Å"The Rime,† Coleridge traces the geographical path that the ship takes, and it is not coincidence that the ship â€Å"made her course to the Tropical Latitude of the Great Pacific Ocean† (Fry 26). Although the poet never explicitly states the purpose for the voyage, many scholars believe that the poem is clearly an allegory for the slave trade. Debbie Lee, who also believes the poem to be Coleridge’s warning to Europeans for the consequences of slavery, argues that the author meant for readers to understand that Yellow Fever was the natural punishment for the wrongs inflicted on African slaves. In her article, she gives much information regarding the historical facts of British susceptibility to this tropical disease, â€Å"a plague that attacked like an army during the height of British colonial slavery† and â€Å"accounted for [nearly] seventy-one percent of all European deaths in the Caribbean† (675, 676). Lee also gives a plethora of textual examples that support her belief that the death of the crew on the Mariner’s ship, as well as the Mariner’s symptoms, would have been understood by European readers to have been caused by Yellow Fever, which was a greatly-feared epidemic at the time the poem was published. Indeed, the Wedding Guest would have had reason to â€Å"fear thee, ancient Ma rinere,† whose â€Å"skinny hand so brown† and â€Å"long and lank and brown† body smacks of the appearance of one who has suffered Yellow Fever (Fry 46). Because Yellow Fever was such a highly contagious and deadly disease, anyone suspected of carrying the pathogens would have been a pariah, as the Mariner seems to be in the poem. Both Coleridge and Conrad use nature as the force that punishes the European characters in their literature. It is important to note that before the crimes are committed, nature is depicted as a friendly force. In Rime the sun â€Å"shone bright† and â€Å"a good south wind sprung up behind† before the shooting of the albatross (Fry 32). After the Mariner has committed his ghastly crime, however, Coleridge uses â€Å"The silence of the Sea,† â€Å"a hot and copper sky,† â€Å"the bloody sun at noon,† an idle ship due to an absence of breeze, â€Å"slimy things,† â€Å"Death-fires,† a nd a â€Å"horned Moon† that curses the sailor â€Å"with his eye† (32-44), and—arguably—Yellow Fever to punish the Mariner and the crew. And in Heart of Darkness, before Marlow ventures too deep into the horrors of the Congo, â€Å"the voice of the surf† was described as â€Å"a positive pleasure, like the speech of a brother.† Yet, once Marlow begins to encounter and become more involved in the ivory exploiting business, the attitude of nature begins to grow menacing. For example, almost immediately after the positive comment about listening to the surf, Marlow sees a â€Å"man-of-war anchored off the coast† that was â€Å"shelling the bush† (Conrad 11). Nature does not respond kindly to this carelessly destructive â€Å"firing into a continent† and it is only fair that in the next paragraph the reader finds out that â€Å"the men in that lonely ship were dying of fever at the rate of three a day† (just as in Coleridge’s poem, Conrad reports fever as a consequence of the wrongs committed against Africans)(11). Conrad gives many other images of nature as a punishing force. Nature is described as trying â€Å"to ward off intruders† (11). Marlow recounts that at one point during the journey â€Å"a grass shed full of calico, cotton prints, beads, and I don’t know what else burst into a blaze so suddenly that you would have thought the earth had opened to let an avenging fire consume all that trash† (20). The â€Å"great wall of vegetation† that lines the sides of the river along which the boat descends is described as â€Å"a rioting invasion of soundless life, a rolling wave of plants, piled up, crested, ready to topple over†¦to sweep every little man of us out of his little existence† (26). And in the ultimate description of nature in the entire novel, Marlow states: â€Å"the earth seemed unearthly. We are accustomed to look upon the sh ackled form of a conquered monster, but there—there you could look at a thing monstrous and free† (32).Not only does nature become a punishing force in Heart of Darkness, but it becomes personified. Marlow says that nature â€Å"looked at you with a vengeful aspect† (30). The very mist seemed to scream (35). â€Å"The face of the forest was gloomy,† at one point (40). Not only is nature portrayed as a punishing force in both Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Heart of Darkness, it cannot be defeated. In Conrad’s novella, there are several instances in which nature clearly bests men. One example is when the grass hut catches fire; even when one of the Europeans is running to and forth from the river with water to extinguish the flame, Marlow notices that â€Å"there was a hole in the bottom of his pail† (20). In another instance: There was an old hippo that had the bad habit of getting out on the bank and roaming at night over the station g rounds. The pilgrims used to turn out in a body and empty every rifle they could lay hands on at him. Some even sat up o’ nights for him. All this energy was wasted, though. That animal has a charmed life. (25)And just as in The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, the ingenuity of technology and civilization in Conrad’s story is at the mercy of nature. In both works, the movements of the ships are subject to the whims of their environments. If nature is a punishing force that cannot be defeated, then the only way in both pieces of literature to survive nature is to bless it. In The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, after the Mariner has suffered â€Å"alone on the wide wide Sea,† his â€Å"soul in agony,† he looks upon â€Å"the water-snakes† and â€Å"a spring of love gusht from [his] heart/And [he] bless’d them unaware† and—behold!—â€Å"the self-same moment [he] could pray/and from [his] neck so free/The albatross fell of f, and sank/like lead into the sea† (Fry 49-50). If parts of The Rime are ambiguous, Coleridge is clear about one thing: the moral of his story. The end of the Mariner’s tale leaves the listener with what the reader assumes to be the nugget of truth that the poem is meant to convey: â€Å"He prayeth well who loveth well/ Both man and bird and beast/ He prayeth best who loveth best/ All things both great and small: For the dear God, who loveth us/ He made and loveth all† (Fry 74). Ironically, the moral of Heart of Darkness is perhaps the one area in which Conrad’s story is more ambiguous than Coleridge’s poem. Still, the juxtaposition between the way Marlow views and treats the Africans and the way his European peers do, and the fact that Marlow survives to tell his tale—not sharing the fate of his predecessor or Kurtz—certainly stands for something. Marlow has realized from his experiences in the Congo that â€Å"the conquest of t he earth†¦is not a pretty thing when you look into it too much† (Conrad 4). And though it is difficult at times to discern the way Marlow felt about colonialism while he was participating in the act of aiding in exploitation, he does have some shining moments in which he recognizes the value—even the humanity—of the Africans. These moments, as they progress throughout the novel, show Marlow’s increasing separation from the typical European views of Africans during the time in which he was writing. In the first instance in the novel that Marlow recognizes the possible humanity of the Africans, he uses uncertain wording. He states:†¦and the men were—No, they were not inhuman. It would come slowly to one. They howled and leaped and spun, and made horrid faces; but what thrilled you was just the thought of their humanity—like yours—the thought of your remote kinship with this wild and passionate uproar. (32)As Marlow comes into closer relationship with the Africans, however, he begins to not only accept their humanity, but marvel at it. When contemplating the fact that the cannibalistic members of his crew must be starving, as they had long run out of dead hippo meat and had not yet resorted to eating the Caucasians aboard, Marlow â€Å"looked at them as you would on any human being, with a curiosity of their impulses, motives, capacities† and â€Å"weaknesses†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (37). Even further into the story, after Marlow has witnessed â€Å"the horror† of what colonialism has turned the European Kurtz into, Marlow goes so far as to value the life of one of the Africans over that of Kurtz. While he â€Å"can’t forget† Kurtz, he is also â€Å"not prepared to affirm the fellow was exactly worth the life†¦lost in getting to him;† Marlow is referencing â€Å"[his] late helmsman† who he â€Å"missed†¦awfully†¦even while his body was still lying in the p ilot house† (46). To give more value to the life of an African than a European would certainly have been unheard of for those holding the Victorian ideologies of Africa and Africans. Given that their European readers would largely hold the views expressed previously, that Africans were extensions of Africa and nature, and whose justification that the â€Å"European exploitation of native peoples [followed] the same logic as exploitation of nature,† the concept of nature punishing Europeans for the wrongs of colonialism was cleverly appropriate on the parts of Coleridge and Conrad (McCarthy 626). The idea of nature as avenger would have stuck out especially during the time when Conrad was writing, says Jeffrey Mathes McCarthy in his article â€Å"A Choice of Nightmares: The Ecology of Heart of Darkness,† because â€Å"British readers† at this time â€Å"encountered nature† as â€Å"the passive object of imperial commerce† (620). Furthermore, most of the nature writing during the later nineteenth century showed humans engaging with â€Å"nature as a space for relief from time and a place of contemplative beauty† (626). McCarthy points out that â€Å"Heart of Darkness does something different: it challenges the familiar representations of nature with a natural world that is anything but comforting.† A third major similarity between The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Heart of Darkness is that both deal heavily with the human psyche. According to Alan Perlis—one of the two scholars who have conducted research that compares elements of these two works—in his article â€Å"Coleridge and Conrad: Spectral Illuminations, Widening Frames,† both Conrad and Coleridge wrote in the chiaroscuro style—a style focusing on the contrast between light and dark shades—which was used â€Å"to depict the configurations of consciousness and to suggest relationships between appearance and tru th† (167). Perlis further argues that: â€Å"these two works might be regarded as prototypes of a particular kind of descent literature in which progressively deeper and less accessible levels of consciousness are conveyed not only through more deeply buried narrative frames, but also through the technique of chiaroscuro composition.† (167)And indeed both works do rely on the juxtaposition of day and night, bright and dark, and black and white, and often describe the psychological state of the main character—the Mariner and Marlow, respectively—as each makes progress along his psychological journey. According to Birgit and Daniel Maier-Katkin, in their article â€Å"At the Heart of Darkness: Crimes against Humanity and the Banality of Evil,† Conrad especially achieves a story that can be psychoanalyzed by â€Å"blending elements of realism with dreamlike states and environments† in order to explore â€Å"the heart of darkness in the primiti ve recesses of the human soul and of life itself† (585). Some of the major psychological elements that are addressed in both The Rime and Heart of Darkness are feelings of loss, isolation, and disconnection. In Conrad’s story, Marlow describes his psychological state at a point in time as â€Å"the idleness of a passenger, my isolation amongst all these men with whom I had no point of contact, the oily and languid sea, the uniform somberness of the coast, seemed to keep me away from the truth of things, within the toil a mournful and senseless delusion† (11). Marlow does not understand his surroundings, and this is a frustration that reoccurs throughout Conrad’s novella, whether because he cannot see through the thick vegetation which acts as a barrier, or because he does not understand the cries and noises he hears coming from the natives. The Mariner’s feelings of loss, isolation, and disconnection, on the other hand, are both explicitly stated a nd implied through the poem. After he has shot the albatross, there is a strong sense of disconnection from the other crewmembers, who hang the albatross around his neck as punishment (36). The sense of disconnection grows into isolation when the Mariner’s two hundred crewmates die, and he is â€Å"alone, alone, all all alone† with the â€Å"million million slimy things† that he does not understand and cannot identify (46). Although both Conrad and Coleridge included psychological elements of isolation and disconnection in their works, readers should not assume that their authors were necessarily experiencing these emotions while writing their works, nor should readers ever assume that the narrators of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Heart of Darkness were biographical representations of their authors. Marlow should be seen as only a character in Conrad’s complex story, not as Conrad’s spokesperson, and the same is true for the Mariner of Coler idge. If a main character always spoke verbatim their authors’ viewpoints, it would be easy to understand the message in any given book, no message would be ambiguous, and these obvious messages could be easily compared against one another. However, this is not always the case, and the important thing to consider when determining an author’s true intent is to look for reoccurring themes in a work, and to observe how these themes are treated. For example, in Heart of Darkness, instead of listening solely to Marlow’s spoken words, listen to the observations he makes about his surroundings—his initial perceptions of Africa and the Africans—and the way his observations and judgments change over the course of the novel. In The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, likewise, do not judge the poem’s message by the relationship between the Mariner and nature in the beginning of the work alone. By observing holistically the various elements of both Coleridge ’s poem and Conrad’s novella, and considering the types of political debates in which these men were involved, and acknowledging what social and political events and practices each author was likely responding to in his work, a clear message of both The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Heart of Darkness will rise to the surface. Hopefully, scholars will begin to recognize the similarities bobbing on the surfaces of these maritime tales, and by conducting other angles of research they will draw new conclusions and add to the spare body of knowledge that currently exists on an inter-textual relationship between the most famous works of these two authors. Looking at familiarities and common threads between countless other literary works has provided illumination, and further research comparing and contrasting the elements of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner against Heart Darkness could shine even more light on the social and political discussions taking place during the eig hteenth and nineteenth centuries.Works CitedAbbasi, Pyeaam, and Alireza Anushiravani. â€Å"The Ancient Mariner: Colonizer or Colonized?† Journal of Gender and Peace Development 1.1 (2011): 1-7. Web. International Research Journals. 3 Dec 2011.Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. New York: Dover Publications, 1990.Fry, Paul H. ed. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. Boston: Bedford, 1999.Lee, Debbie. â€Å"Yellow Fever and the Slave Trade: Coleridge’s â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.† ELH 65.3 (1998): 675-700. Web. JSTOR. 10 Nov. 2011. Maier-Katkin, Birgit and Daniel Maier-Katkin. â€Å"At the Heart of Darkness: Crimes Against Humanity and the Banality of Evil.† Human Rights Quarterly 26. 3 (2004): 584-604. Web. JSTOR. 10 Nov. 2011.McCarthy, Jeffrey Mathes. ‘â€Å"A Choice of Nightmares†: The Ecology of Heart of Darkness.’ Modern Fiction Studies 55.3 (2009): 620-648. Web. JSTOR. 10 Nov. 2011.Perlis, Alan D. â€Å"Coleridge and Conra d: Spectral Illuminations, Widening Frames.† The Journal of Narrative Technique 12.3 (1982): 167-176. Web. JSTOR. 10 Nov. 2011.Simmons, Allan H. â€Å"Conrad and Politics.† A Historical Guide to Joseph Conrad. Ed. John G. Peters. New York: Oxford University Press. 2010.Van Wyk Smith, M. â€Å"The Origins of Some Victorian Images of Africa.† English in Africa 6.1 (1979): 12-32. Web. JSTOR. 10 Nov. 2011.

Thesis - Information Operations in Strategic, Operational,...

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS INFORMATION OPERATIONS IN STRATEGIC, OPERATIONAL, AND TACTICAL LEVELS OF WAR: A BALANCED SYSTEMATIC APPROACH by Bunyamin Tuner September 2003 Thesis Advisor: Thesis Co-Advisor: Daniel Boger Steve Iatrou Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden†¦show more content†¦Analysis of the role of information in a conflict in the context of information superiority provides the foundation of the thesis. DOD’s IO core, supporting, and related capability based approach was used in the analysis of each level of warfare. Strategic, operational, and tactical level IO were analyzed by matching relevant IO capabilities with the IO effects desired at the respective levels. Sample systems were provided for each capability when appropriate. IO efforts in Operation Desert Storm and Operation Allied Force were analyzed. This thesis concluded that a balanced systematic approach to IO through its integration at all three levels of warfare will produce much better results than the uncoordinated cases in order to exploit the integrative effect of IO on the instruments of national power and the military capabilities at different levels of warfare. v THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK vi TABLE OF CONTENTS I. 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For example, during the American Civil War, the Confederate States of America was not recognized as a sovereign state, but it was recognized as a belligerent power, and thus Confederate warships were given the same rights as United States warships in foreign ports.[4][5][6] When insurgencyRead MoreAbstract: Strategic Contingency Planning23625 Words   |  95 PagesABSTRACT STRATEGIC CONTINGENCY PLANNING By Karen Scott-Martinet Fall 2006 The objective of this study was to develop a strategic contingency planning model to be used to fully incorporate emergency management and business continuity into organization structures. (For the purpose of this study, Emergency Management and Business Continuity were collectively referred to as â€Å"contingency planning.†) Presently, contingency planning is mainly done on an operational or tactical level. Current

The Essentials Of A Good Life By Diane Ravitch Essay

The Essentials of a Good Life by Diane Ravitch was an essay that really got me rethinking what we call the school system today. It felt extremely relatable since I have spent over 13 years in school and I recognize almost all the points she made about the problems with school today. Many of her main points have to do with how schools are too focused on standardized testing and how they don’t teach creativity in school. This is a big problem in today’s society because school seems to be doing a lot less of what it was first meant to do which is prepare their students for the future. After reading her essay I believe we shouldn’t be focused on standardized testing and we should be spending more time teaching students how to be leaders, independent, and creative because these are qualities that promote success in today’s society. This essay is fairly accurate when it talks about how our school system has relied too heavily on test scores and they’ve ma de it almost all about memorizing. 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Role of Schedule Management in Project Management Free Sample

Question: Identify the Major Implications for the Project Manager to Develop the Proper Project Scheduling Process. Answer: Business Research Proposal Title: Role of Schedule Management in Project Management Background Project Scheduling is one of the most important tools that contribute to the success or failure of the project management activities. According to Martinelli and Milosevic (2016), the project schedule is the basic communication tool that helps in identifying the actual work that is needed to be completed. Apart from this, the project scheduling process also confirms the necessary resources and the maintenance of the timeframe within which the entire project is needed to be completed. If the project manager cannot get access to the structured project schedule, it will be difficult to communicate with the project associates regarding the initiation of the plan (Burke, 2013). However, it is often noticed that a professional project manager usually needs to deal with the multiple task at once. Therefore, it is sometimes possible that the manager overlooks any specific criterion associated with a project management activity. Moreover, there are the high chances of mismanagement of timelin es (Kaiser, El Arbi Ahlemann, 2015). In order to overcome such issues, it is essential for the project manager to gain insights regarding the appropriate project scheduling process that has the significant impact on the project management activities. The research paper will discuss the necessary implication related to the project management scheduling. Research Aim The aim of the research is to identify the major implications for the project manager to develop the proper project scheduling process. Research Objectives To identify the necessity of maintaining the project scheduling process To critically analyze the role of the project manager to structure the project scheduling process To understand the recognizable challenges faced by the project manager to schedule the project management activities Research Questions What are the major impacts of project scheduling process on completing any particular project? How the project manager helps in scheduling the process to structure the project management activities? What are the major obstacles that the project manager face in managing the project schedule? Literature Review Project scheduling is conceptualized as the activities, milestone, and the deliverable that are associated with a project. A skilled project manager always needs to keep the focus on the project schedule that will help them in easing the communicational process with the stakeholders during the project (Can Ulusoy, 2014). However, it is often noticed that the improper project scheduling can lead to the failure of the project. Hence, it is necessary for a project manager to identify the necessary implication that will be helpful enough in scheduling the project in a sequential way. Work Breakdown Structure The initial stage of the project scheduling process is the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). Masmoudi Hait (2013) implied that WBS is considered as the hierarchal reflection that includes the deliverable of each team for the completion of a project. Performing the activities is essential to achieve the deliverable that can lead towards the success of the progress. In a typical manner, the development of the WBS is always placed at the highest level. For example, the project management process, the project manager would schedule the activities by developing a new product or service. It will be much helpful for an organisation to earn more revenue that the expectations. Importance of Project Scheduling Project scheduling is one of the major aspects for an organisational project. In order to organize a vital project by maintaining the quality, financial structure and the time, it is necessary to schedule the project carefully. Kolisch (2013) highlighted that the project scheduling process create the recognizable impact on the overall financial structure of the firm. Especially, when the resources are highly specialized to complete a particular project, this scheduling process is necessary. On the other hand, the project scheduling process is much helpful in creating a comprehensive WBS that allows the organisation to create an appropriate chart (Kerzner, 2013). Maintenance of the proper project schedule is even helpful to improve the quality parameter of the entire organisational functions. Role and Challenges of the Project Manager The project manager is responsible to keep the focus on every aspect that deals with the project management. With the help of the proper project scheduling process, the project manager gains the insight about the area of communication. When the project manager can get access to the project schedule, it becomes easier to organize the entire project. However, it has been observed that the project manager usually deals with the multiple works at a time. Managing such multiple tasks is often quite difficult, due to which the project manager may overlook the actual necessity of the project (Lee et al., 2015). This mismanagement of thee project scheduling can lead towards the failure of the project more specifically. Hence, the project managers need to plan the schedule in a comprehensive way. Gaps in the Literature The literature provides the insightful ideas about the project scheduling process. The literature is even providing the adequate knowledge regarding the probable challenge that the project manager may face. However, the literature study does not provide the method of overcoming such challenges. Therefore, the gap in the literature is determining the lack of the adequate and relevant knowledge about the project scheduling process. Methodology The entire research is based on the secondary data collection process. The information in this study will be gathered from the books, journals and articles. The discussion of the thematic analysis would be provided to identify the underlying conceptual analysis of the subject matter. The use of the Interpretivism philosophy, inductive approach, and exploratory design techniques will be incorporated to identify the underlying opportunities of the project scheduling process. The use of the thematic analysis would be helpful enough in discussing the necessary implications. Gantt Chart Activities Week 1-2 Week 3-5 Week 6 Week 7-9 Week 10 Week 11-12 Week 13-14 Selecting the Topic Layout Development Review of Literature Research Plan Development Research Process Selection Data Collection Technique Selection Data Analysis Technique Selection Data Findings Conclusion Final Submission Table 1: Gantt Chart (Source: Created by Author) Conclusion The proposal is based on the development of the roles and responsibilities of the project manager. The role and challenges of the project manager are discussed in this study. The issues emerging due to the improper project scheduling is needed to be fixed. The maintenance of the structured implication would be beneficial in managing the proper scheduling process by overcoming the challenges. References Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Can, A., Ulusoy, G. (2014). Multi-project scheduling with two-stage decomposition.Annals of Operations Research,217(1), 95-116. Hodgson, D. E., Paton, S. (2016). Understanding the professional project manager: cosmopolitans, locals and identity work.International Journal of Project Management,34(2), 352-364. Kaiser, M. G., El Arbi, F., Ahlemann, F. (2015). Successful project portfolio management beyond project selection techniques: Understanding the role of structural alignment.International Journal of Project Management,33(1), 126-139. Kerzner, H. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Kolisch, R. (2013).Project scheduling under resource constraints: efficient heuristics for several problem classes. Springer Science Business Media. Lee, L., Reinicke, B., Sarkar, R., Anderson, R. (2015). Learning through interactions: improving project management through communities of practice.Project Management Journal,46(1), 40-52. Martinelli, R. J., Milosevic, D. Z. (2016).Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley Sons. Masmoudi, M., Hait, A. (2013). Project scheduling under uncertainty using fuzzy modelling and solving techniques.Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,26(1), 135-149. Meng, X., Boyd, P. (2017). The role of the project manager in relationship management.International Journal of Project Management,35(5), 717-728. Mohammadi, F., Sadi, M. K., Nateghi, F., Abdullah, A., Skitmore, M. (2014). A hybrid quality function deployment and cybernetic analytic network process model for project manager selection.Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,20(6), 795-809. Ramazani, J., Jergeas, G. (2015). Project managers and the journey from good to great: The benefits of investment in project management training and education.International Journal of Project Management,33(1), 41-52.